TETRAPHENYLPHOSPHONIUM BROMIDE

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
CAS NO. 2751-90-8

TETRAPHENYLPHOSPHONIUM BROMIDE
EINECS NO. 220-393-4
FORMULA CH3P(C6H5)4·I
MOL WT. 419.30

H.S. CODE

TOXICITY
SYNONYMS Bromure de tétraphénylphosphonium;
Bromuro de tetrafenilfosfonio;
SMILES

CLASSIFICATION

ORGANOPHOSPHINES /

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
PHYSICAL STATE white to off-white crystalline powder

MELTING POINT

 295 - 299 C (Decomposes)
BOILING POINT
SPECIFIC GRAVITY

SOLUBILITY IN WATER

 Soluble
pH
VAPOR DENSITY
AUTOIGNITION

REFRACTIVE INDEX

NFPA RATINGS
FLASH POINT

STABILITY Stable under ordinary conditions. Hygroscopic.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION & APPLICATIONS

Phosphine, also called Hydrogen Phosphide, PH3, is a colourless, poisonous, spontaneously flammable gas, with a disagreeable, garlic-like odour; melting point -133.5 C, boiling point -87.4 C. Phosphine is manufactured by the hydrolysis of metal phosphides, by the electrolysis of phosphorus in the presence of hydrogen, or by the phosphorus-steam reaction. Phosphine has the structure of ammonia (NH3) but with phosphorus in place of nitrogen. It is slightly soluble in cold water and soluble in alcohol. Phosphine is less soluble in water than ammonia. Phosphine is used in the synthesis of organophosphines and phosphonium derivatives and as a dopant in the manufacture of semiconductors. Aluminium or magnesium phosphide are used as formulations prepared for fumigation in pest control, and zinc phosphide is used as a rodenticide. Phophene is a starting material for the preparation of pesticides and flame retardants. Organophosphines are used as solvents for the extraction and separation processes, flame retardants, and in formulating fumigants and electronics applications of semiconductor manufacturing. Tertiary alkylphosphines act as chemical intermediate and catalyst in the production of industrial acids, alcohols, flavors & fragrances, and pharmaceuticals. Phosphonium describes a univalent radical, PH4. Quaternary phosphonium salts, obtained from tertiary alkylphosphines with the treatment with alkyl or aromatic halides, are replacing phase transfer catalysts and biocides functions for quaternary ammonium salts due to more effective performance and higher thermal stability. Phosphonium salts are used as epoxy curing agents. A variety of phosphine transition metal complexes including chiral complexes are synthesized as the very reactive and versatile homogeneous catalysts and stereospecific as well. Trioctylphosphine is used as a strong reducing agent and polymerization cross-linking catalyst. It is used as an intermediate for phase transfer catalysts and biocides.

SALES SPECIFICATION

APPEARANCE

 white to off-white crystalline powder

ASSAY

99.0% min

WATER

0.5% max
TRANSPORTATION
PACKING
HAZARD CLASS
UN NO.
OTHER INFORMATION
Hazard Symbols: XN, Risk Phrases: 22-36/37/38, Safety Phrases: 24/25

GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF PHASE TRANSFER CATALYSIS
'Phase transfer catalysis (PTC)' methodology is a powerful tool improving process efficiency, product selectivity and providing mild reaction conditions in organic chemical reactions. In many chemical reaction situations, there are different species (immiscible liquids or solid and liquid) which don't react each other due to separation by an interface. Small quantity of ‘phase-transfer catalyst’, involves a substrate (soluble in the organic layer) and an anionic reagent  or a nucleophile (dissolved in the aqueous layer), extracts one of the reactants, most commonly an anion, across the interface into the other phase where reaction can take place with the substrate and reaction can proceed. The quaternary ammonium salts can carry the nucleophile from the aqueous to organic phase and are used as the most commonly used as phase-transfer catalyst’. The phosphonium derivatives favoring higher thermal stability property are also used. Crown ethers and polyethylenglycol compounds are also widely used in this application.